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CHE 105/110 Introduction to Chemistry - Exercises and Answers

Other Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups

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QUESTION ANSWER

1.

Name a similarity between the functional groups found in aldehydes and ketones. Can you name a difference between them?

1.

They both have a carbonyl group, but an aldehyde has the carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, and a ketone has the carbonyl group in the middle.

3.

Name each molecule.

  1.  

    The structural formula of propanal (Aldehyde family) without representing the Hydrogen atoms present in the molecule.
  2.  

    The structural formula of butanone (Ketone family) without representing the Hydrogen atoms present in the molecule.

3.

  1. propanal
  2. 2-butanone

5.

Name each molecule.

  1.  

    The structural formula of 3-methyl butanoic acid (Organic acid family) without representing the Hydrogen atoms present in the molecule. The compound name indicates position of the alkyl radical.
  2.  

    The structural formula of ethyl propanoate (Esters family) without representing the Hydrogen atoms present in the molecule.

5.

  1. 3-methylbutanoic acid
  2. ethyl propionate

7.

Name this molecule.

The structural formula of ethylpropilether (Ether family).

7.

ethyl propyl ether

9.

Give an alternate but acceptable name to the molecule in Exercise 3b.

9.

ethyl methyl ketone

11.

Complete this chemical reaction.

The reaction between Propanoic acid and a base produces the release of Hydrogen from the organic acid and the corresponding formation of organic acid ion propanoate. This produces water formation and the organic acid anion (-) and Potassium ion(+).

11.

H2O + KCH3CH2CO2

13.

The drug known as aspirin has this molecular structure:

Organic compound (Aspirin) containing the benzene ring and two radicals one containing the organic acid functional group (carboxyl group) and the other one containing the ester functional group.

Identify the functional group(s) in this molecule.

13.

acid, ester, and aromatic (benzene ring)

15.

Identify the ester made by reacting these molecules.

The reaction between the propanoic acid (organic acid) and propanol (alcohol) produces an ester called propyl propanoate.

15.

propyl propionate

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