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Hostos Community College Library

DEN 122 - Oral Microbiology - Textbook

Module 3 Learning Objectives

 

After completing this module, students will be able to:

  1. Identify common elements and structures found in organic molecules.
  2. Give examples of monosaccharides and polysaccharides.
  3. Describe the function of monosaccharides and polysaccharides within a cell.
  4. Describe the unique characteristics and diverse structures of lipids.
  5. Compare and contrast triacylglycerides (triglycerides) and phospholipids.
  6. Describe how phospholipids are used to construct biological membranes.
  7. Describe the fundamental structure of an amino acid.
  8. Describe the chemical structures of proteins.
  9. Summarize the unique characteristics of proteins.
  10. Compare disinfectants, antiseptics, and sterilants.
  11. Describe the principles of sterilization and disinfection.
  12. Understand and compare various physical methods of controlling microbial growth, including heating, refrigeration, freezing, high-pressure treatment, desiccation, lyophilization, irradiation, and filtration.
  13. Understand and compare various chemicals used to control microbial growth, including their uses, advantages and disadvantages, chemical structure, and mode of action.
  14. Describe the historically important individuals and events that led to the development of antimicrobial drugs.
  15. Contrast bacteriostatic versus bactericidal antibacterial activities.
  16. Contrast broad-spectrum drugs versus narrow-spectrum drugs.
  17. Describe the mechanisms of action associated with drugs that inhibit cell wall biosynthesis, protein synthesis, membrane function, nucleic acid synthesis, and metabolic pathways.
  18. Explain the differences between modes of action of drugs that target fungi, protozoa, helminths, and viruses.
  19. Describe how microorganisms develop or acquire drug resistance.
  20. Describe the different mechanisms of antimicrobial drug resistance.
  21. Explain the difference between a communicable disease and a noncommunicable disease
  22. Compare different types of infectious diseases, including iatrogenic, nosocomial, and zoonotic diseases.
  23. Summarize Koch’s postulates and molecular Koch’s postulates, respectively, and explain their significance and limitations.
  24. Explain the roles of portals of entry and exit in the transmission of disease and identify specific examples of these portals.
  25. Explain how virulence factors contribute to signs and symptoms of infectious disease.
  26. Describe and differentiate between various types of exotoxins and endotoxins.
  27. Describe the mechanisms viruses use for adhesion and antigenic variation.
  28. Describe virulence factors unique to fungi and parasites.
  29. Compare virulence factors of fungi and bacteria.
  30. Explain the difference between protozoan parasites and helminths.
  31. Describe how helminths evade the host immune system.

Readings

How is the development of dental biofilms influenced by the host?

"The mouth facilitates the growth of a characteristic resident microbiota. The composition of the oral microbiota is influenced by temperature, pH, and atmosphere, as well as by the host defences and host genetics. In addition, the host supplies endogenous nutrients and a variety of surfaces for biofilm formation. In health, the resident oral microbiota forms a symbiotic relationship with the host, regulated by active host–microbe cross talk. This resident microbiota is sensitive to perturbations in the host environment, especially to changes in nutrient supply and pH, so that previously minor components of the microbiota can become more competitive (and vice versa), resulting in reorganization of biofilm community structure."

 

A review of saliva: Normal composition, flow, and function
(Hostos students will need to sign in to CUNYfirst to access this article.)

"An adequate supply of saliva is critical to the preservation and maintenance of oral tissue. Clinicians often do not value the many benefits of saliva until quantities are decreased. Much is written on the subject of salivary hypofunction, but little attention is paid to normal salivary flow and function. This article is a brief, up-to-date overview of the literature on the basics of normal salivary composition, flow, and function. A review of the literature was conducted using MEDLINE and Healthstar (1944 through 1999); articles were selected for inclusion on the basis of relevance and significance to the clinician. (J Prosthet Dent 2001;85:162-9.)"

Videos

 

Nova Wonders - What's Living Inside You?

"Whether they make you fat, fart, or freak out, microbes play a central role in your life. Right beneath your nose—on your face, in your gut, and everywhere in between—trillions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi are so abundant in your body, they outnumber your human cells. But these aren’t just nasty hitch-hikers. Many are crucial to your survival. Evidence suggests that a diverse microbiome can keep you healthy and, conversely, a damaged one could kill you. NOVA Wonders peers into this microscopic world to discover the fascinating, bizarre, and downright surprising secrets of the human microbiome, including the world’s largest stool bank, which transforms raw stool into life-saving poop pills."

Assignments

A picture containing a chair behind a table that c

  • Saliva Worksheet (PDF document attached)

  • Exam 2 - Chapters 6, 7, 13, 14, 15

 

 

 

 

Attributions

CC Licensed Content, Original 

CC Licensed Content, Shared Previously

 

All Rights Reserved Content

  • How is the development of dental biofilms influenced by the host?  Found in: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. Authored by: Philip D. Marsh and Deirdre A. Devine. Located at: https://doi-org.hostos.ezproxy.cuny.edu/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01673.x. License: All Rights Reserved.

  • A review of saliva: Normal composition, flow, and function. Found in: The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Authored by: Sue P. Humphrey RDH, MSEd and Russell T. Williamson DMD. Located at: https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2001.113778. License: All Rights Reserved.

  • What's Living Inside You?. Produced by: NOVA Wonders Production by Pangloss Films LLC for WGBH Boston. Located at: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/. License: © 2018 WGBH Educational Foundation. All rights reserved.