HIS 210 - U.S. History through the Civil War - Textbook

 Learning Outcomes

• To understand the difference in settlement patterns from region to region within British North America (BNA).
• To understand that the Native Americans and British were hoping to profit in one form or another from their interactions with the other groups: the Europeans through the discovery and removal of raw materials back to the “mother country” with an indigenous labor force; the Indians through trade, as allies against other Indian foes, and as a potential source of new technologies.
• To understand the labor systems that emerged from the search for wealth in the colonies.
• To understand the origins of African slavery in North America. This was a rational economic choice on the part of Virginia and Carolina planters who recognized a drop in the availability of English laborers to replenish their workforces.
• To understand the social and economic differences between the southern colonies and the northern colonies as a result of staple crop production; slave societies versus societies with slaves.

John Smith’s famous map of Virginia (1622) illustrates many geopolitical features of early colonization. In the upper left, Powhatan, who governed a powerful local confederation of Algonquian communities, sits above other local leaders, denoting his authority. Another native figure, Susquehannock, who appears in the upper right, visually reinforces the message that the English did not control the land beyond a few outposts along the Chesapeake.

John Winthrop Dreams of. City on a Hill, 1630

John Winthrop delivered [this] sermon before he and his fellow settlers reached New England. The sermon is famous largely for its use of the phrase “a city on a hill,” used to describe the expectation that the Massachusetts Bay colony would shine like an example to the world. But Winthrop’s sermon also reveals how he expected Massachusetts to differ from the rest of the world.

Excerpt from: Thomas Phillips, A Journal of a Voyage Made in the Hannibal of London, Ann. 1693, 1694 (published 1732).
 

In this document, Captain Thomas Phillips of the English slave ship, Hannibal, describes how he and his English crew interacted and negotiated with an African king, and his emissaries, in order to acquire slaves. Phillips also describes how English traders branded and shackled slaves in the early stages of the Middle Passage, and how Africans resisted their enslavement by mutiny and suicide. Phillips also provides a rare reflection on how Europeans and Africans perceived color difference and created emerging concepts of race and racism.

U.S. History
Authors: P. Scott Corbett, Volker Janssen, John M. Lund, Todd Pfannestiel, Sylvie Waskiewicz, Paul Vickery
Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/1-introduction
Sections located at: 3 Introduction https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/3-introduction; 3.3 https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/3-3-english-settlements-in-america; 3.4 https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/3-4-the-impact-of-colonization
License: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

A Journal of a Voyage Made in the Hannibal of London
Author: Thomas Phillips
Located at: https://books.google.com/books?id=qFJBAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Thomas+Phillips+Hannibal&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZqfHJjPnZAhVHGpAKHdRXANwQ6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&q=Thomas%20Phillips%20Hannibal&f=false.
License: Public Domain: No Known Copyright

John Winthrop Dreams of a City on a Hill, 1630
Author: John Winthrop, “ A Model of Christian Charity,” in A Library of American Literature: Early Colonial Literature, 1607-1675, Edmund Clarence Stedman and Ellen Mackay Hutchinson, eds. (New York: 1892), 304-307
Located at: https://www.americanyawp.com/reader/colliding-cultures/john-winthrop-dreams-of-a-city-on-a-hill-1630/
License: CC BY-SA 4.0