Module 16 - HIS 210 - U.S. History through the Civil War - Textbook - LibGuides at Hostos Community College Library

Module 16: The US Civil War, 1860-1865

Learning Outcome

To understand the factors that shaped Abraham Lincoln's decision-making during the Civil War, and the ways in which African American actions and military expediency contributed to the Emancipation Proclamation and the eventual end of slavery.

City Point, Virginia. African American soldier guarding U.S. Model 1857 12-pdr. Napoleon
Civil war photographs, 1861-1865, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division

Content

Introduction: The Civil War, 1860–1865
15.1 The Origins and Outbreak of the Civil War
The threat posed by the Republican victory in the election of 1860 spurred eleven southern states to leave the Union to form the Confederate States of America, a new republic dedicated to maintaining and expanding slavery. The Union, led by President Lincoln, was unwilling to accept the departure of these states and committed itself to restoring the country. Beginning in 1861 and continuing until 1865, the United States engaged in a brutal Civil War that claimed the lives of over 600,000 soldiers.
15.2 Early Mobilization and War
In 1861, enthusiasm for war ran high on both sides. The North fought to restore the Union, which Lincoln declared could never be broken. The Confederacy, which by the summer of 1861 consisted of eleven states, fought for its independence from the United States... Soon the carnage and slaughter would awaken them to the horrors of war.
15.3 1863: The Changing Nature of the War
Although Northerners and Southerners both anticipated that the battle between the Confederacy and the Union would be settled quickly, it soon became clear to all that there was no resolution in sight. The longer the war continued, the more it began to affect life in both the North and the South. Increased need for manpower, the issue of slavery, and the ongoing challenges of keeping the war effort going changed the way life on both sides as the conflict progressed.
15.4 The Union Triumphant
The North’s economy had shifted to a wartime model. The Confederacy also mobilized, perhaps to a greater degree than the Union, its efforts to secure independence and maintain slavery. Yet the Confederacy experienced ever-greater hardships after years of war.
Draft of Gettysburg Address
President Abraham Lincoln Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863 on the battlefield near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Attribution

U.S. History
Authors: P. Scott Corbett, Volker Janssen, John M. Lund, Todd Pfannestiel, Sylvie Waskiewicz, Paul Vickery
Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/1-introduction
Sections located at: 15 Introduction https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/15-introduction; 15.1 https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/15-1-the-origins-and-outbreak-of-the-civil-war; 15.2 https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/15-2-early-mobilization-and-war; 15.3 https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/15-3-1863-the-changing-nature-of-the-war; 15.4 https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/15-4-the-union-triumphant
License: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

Abraham Lincoln, Draft of the Gettysburg Address, Nicolay Copy, [November 1863]
Author: Abraham Lincoln [Transcribed and annotated by the Lincoln Studies Center, Knox College. Galesburg, Illinois]
Located at: Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Abraham Lincoln Papers, https://www.loc.gov/resource/mal.4356500/?sp=1&st=text
Public Domain

HIS 210 - U.S. History through the Civil War - Textbook

Attribution & Licensing

HIS 210 U.S. History through the Civil War

Module 16: The US Civil War, 1860-1865

Learning Outcome

Content

Attribution