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BIO 140 Human Biology I - Questions and Solutions

Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning - Solutions

Review Questions

1. C6H12O6 is the chemical formula for a ________.

  1. polymer of carbohydrate
  2. pentose monosaccharide
  3. hexose monosaccharide
  4. all of the above

2. C6H12O6 is the chemical formula for a ________.

  1. polymer of carbohydrate
  2. pentose monosaccharide
  3. hexose monosaccharide
  4. all of the above

3. Which of the following is a functional group that is part of a building block of proteins?

  1. phosphate
  2. adenine
  3. amino
  4. ribose

4. A pentose sugar is a part of the monomer used to build which type of macromolecule?

  1. polysaccharides
  2. nucleic acids
  3. phosphorylated glucose
  4. glycogen

5. A phospholipid ________.

  1. has both polar and nonpolar regions
  2. is made up of a triglyceride bonded to a phosphate group
  3. is a building block of ATP
  4. can donate both cations and anions in solution

6. In DNA, nucleotide bonding forms a compound with a characteristic shape known as a(n) ________.

  1. beta chain
  2. pleated sheet
  3. alpha helix
  4. double helix

7. Uracil ________.

  1. contains nitrogen
  2. is a pyrimidine
  3. is found in RNA
  4. all of the above

8. The ability of an enzyme’s active sites to bind only substrates of compatible shape and charge is known as ________.

  1. selectivity
  2. specificity
  3. subjectivity
  4. specialty

 

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Critical Thinking Questions

1. If the disaccharide maltose is formed from two glucose monosaccharides, which are hexose sugars, how many atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen does maltose contain and why?

Solution: Maltose contains 12 atoms of carbon, but only 22 atoms of hydrogen and 11 atoms of oxygen, because a molecule of water is removed during its formation via dehydration synthesis.

2. Once dietary fats are digested and absorbed, why can they not be released directly into the bloodstream?

Solution: All lipids are hydrophobic and unable to dissolve in the watery environment of blood. They are packaged into lipoproteins, whose outer protein envelope enables them to transport fats in the bloodstream.

 

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OpenStax, Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning. OpenStax CNX. Jan 30, 2017 http://cnx.org/contents/6773536c-3efb-44c9-8ace-78fafdce27e1@8. © Apr 9, 2018 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 license.